Wing Shaping Concepts Using Distributed Propulsion

Distributed propulsion and lightweight structures on transport aircraft pose a significant opportunity to meet next generation aircraft requirements including reduced fuel burn/emissions and enhanced takeoff/landing performance. The objective of this research is to conduct multidisciplinary design analysis and optimization to demonstrate a novel concept of flexible wing shaping aircraft using distributed propulsion to achieve improved aerodynamic efficiency while maintaining aero-structural stability. A new methodology is developed for incorporating propulsive moments produced from distributed powerplants mounted along the wingspan to optimize the spanwise lift distribution by modifying wing twist and shape. The technology being developed enables synergistic interactions between lightweight materials, electric propulsion, and active aeroelastic tailoring for reducing the environmental impact of future air vehicles. Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore innovative aircraft concepts that use flexible wings and distributed propulsion to significantly reduce fuel burn of future transport aircraft by exploiting multidisciplinary interactions. Design/methodology/approach – Multidisciplinary analysis and trajectory optimization are used to evaluate the mission performance benefits of flexible wing distributed propulsion aircraft concepts. Findings – The flexible wing distributed propulsion aircraft concept was shown to achieve a 4% improvement in L/D over a mission profile consisting of a minimum fuel climb, minimum fuel cruise, and continuous descent. Practical implications – The technologies being investigated may lead to mission adaptive aircraft that can minimize drag, and thus fuel burn, throughout the flight envelope. Originality/value – The aircraft concepts being explored seek to create synergistic interactions between disciplines for reducing fuel burn while capitalizing on the potential benefits of lightweight, flexible wing structures and distributed propulsion.